Plantar Fasciitis: Analysis of Therapeutic Options
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Published:
Jun 25, 2022
Keywords:
Plantar fasciitis, fasciotomy, gastrocnemius resection, plantar orthosis
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Abstract
This report aims to review the different treatment options for plantar fasciitis. We conducted a virtual survey of foot and ankle specialists in our country where we asked for their opinion on the treatment of plantar fasciitis. The results varied, which shows that there is no single response to chronic treatment.
Conclusion: Plantar fasciitis is a frequent, painful condition. The origin is unknown, but the association with multiple factors is known. Many treatment modalities have been recommended, including drugs, physiotherapy, orthotic devices, and surgery, but no report analyzes the effectiveness of each of them separately or categorically confirms its benefits.
Conclusion: Plantar fasciitis is a frequent, painful condition. The origin is unknown, but the association with multiple factors is known. Many treatment modalities have been recommended, including drugs, physiotherapy, orthotic devices, and surgery, but no report analyzes the effectiveness of each of them separately or categorically confirms its benefits.
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How to Cite
Iglesias, M., Sperone, E., Macklin Vadell, A., & Bigatti, A. (2022). Plantar Fasciitis: Analysis of Therapeutic Options. Revista De La Asociación Argentina De Ortopedia Y Traumatología, 87(3), 413-421. https://doi.org/10.15417/issn.1852-7434.2022.87.3.1359
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Review article
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References
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https://doi.org/10.5435/00124635-200806000-00006
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current concept review. Foot Ankle Surg 2020;26(1):19-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fas.2018.12.006
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6. Jain SK, Suprashant K, Kumar S, Yadav A, Kearns SR. Comparison of plantar fasciitis injected with platelet-rich
plasma vs corticosteroids. Foot Ankle Int 2018;39(7):780-6. https://doi.org/10.1177/1071100718762406
7. Pfeffer G, Bacchetti P, Deland J, Lewis A, Anderson R, Davis W, et al. Comparison of custom and prefabricated
orthoses in the initial treatment of proximal plantar fasciitis. Foot Ankle Int 1999;20(4):214-21. https://doi.org/ 10.1177/107110079902000402
8. Rosenbaum AJ, DiPretra JA, Misener D. Plantar heel pain. Med Clin North Am 2014;98(2):330-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcma.2013.10.009
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2003;33(5):381-94. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200333050-00004
10. Landorf KB, Keenan A, Herbert RD. Effectiveness of foot orthoses to treat plantar fasciitis: a randomized trial. Arch Intern Med 2006;166(12):1305-10. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.166.12.1305
11. Wapner KL, Sharkey PF. The use of night splints for treatment of recalcitrant plantar fasciitis. Foot Ankle
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12. Probe RA, Baca M, Adams R, Preece C. Night splint treatment for plantar fasciitis. A prospective randomized study. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1999;(368):190-5. PMID: 10613168
13. Lee WC, Wong WY, Kung E, Leung AK. Effectiveness of adjustable dorsiflexion night splint in combination with
accommodative foot orthosis on plantar fasciitis. J Rehabil Res Dev 2012;49(10):1557-64. https://doi.org/10.1682/jrrd.2011.09.0181
14. Genc H, Saracoglu M, Nacir B, Erdem HR, Kacar M. Long term ultrasonographic follow-up of plantar fasciitis
patients treated with steroid injection. Joint Bone Spine 2005;72(1):61-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbspin.2004.03.006
15. Monteagudo M, Maceira E, Garcia-Virto V, Canosa R. Chronic plantar fasciitis: Plantar fasciotomy versus
gastrocnemius recession. Int Orthop 2013;37(9):1845-50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-013-2022-2
16. Gerdesmeyer L, Frey C, Vester J, Maier M, Weil L Jr, Weil L Sr, et al. Radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy
is safe and effective in the treatment of chronic recalcitrant plantar fasciitis: results of a confirmatory randomized
placebo-controlled multicenter study. Am J Sports Med 2008;36(11):2100-9. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546508324176
17. Wolgin M, Cook C, Graham C, Mauldin D. Conservative treatment of plantar heel pain: long term follow up. Foot Ankle Int 1994;15(3):97-102. https://doi.org/10.1177/107110079401500303
18. Brugh AM, Fallat LM, Savoy-Moore RT. Lateral column symptomatology following plantar fascial release: a
prospective study. J Foot Ankle Surg 2002;41(6):365-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1067-2516(02)80082-5
19. Kitaoka HB, Luo ZP, An KN. Mechanical behavior of the foot and ankle after plantar fascia release in the unstable foot. Foot Ankle Int 1997;18(1):8-15. https://doi.org/10.1177/107110079701800103
20. Ohuchi H, Ichikawa K, Shinga K, Hattori S, Yamada S, Takahashi K. Ultrasound-assisted endoscopic partial plantar fascia release. Arthrosc Tech 2013;2(3):e227-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eats.2013.02.006
21. Manoli A 2nd, Harper MC, Fitzgibbons TC, McKernan DJ. Calcaneal fracture after cortical bone removal. Foot
Ankle 1992;13(9):523-5. https://doi.org/10.1177/107110079201300906
22. Barouk P. Technique, indications, and results of proximal medial gastrocnemius lengthening. Foot Ankle Clin
2014;19(4):795-806. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcl.2014.08.012
23. Abbassian A, Kohls-Gatzoulis J, Solan MC. Proximal medial gastrocnemius release in the treatment of recalcitrant plantar fasciitis. Foot Ankle Int 2012;33(1):14-9. https://doi.org/10.3113/FAI.2012.0014
24. Cychosz CC, Phisitkul P, Belatti DA, Glazebrook MA, DiGiovanni CW. Gastrocnemius recession for foot and ankle conditions in adults: evidence-based recommendations. Foot Ankle Surg 2015;21(2):77-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fas.2015.02.001
25. Tomczak RL, Haverstock BD. A retrospective comparison of endoscopic plantar fasciotomy to open plantar
fasciotomy with heel spur resection for chronic plantar fasciitis/heel spur syndrome. J Foot Ankle Surg 1995;34(3):305-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1067-2516(09)80065-3
26. Fallat LM, Cox JT, Chahal R, Morrison P, Kish J. A retrospective comparison of percutaneous plantar fasciotomy
and open plantar fasciotomy with heel spur resection. J Foot Ankle Surg 2013;52(3):288-90. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jfas.2012.10.005
https://doi.org/10.5435/00124635-200806000-00006
2. Monteagudo M, Martínez de Albornoz P, Gutierrez B, Tabuenca J, Álvarez I. Plantar fasciopathy: a current concepts review. EFORT Open Rev 2018;3(8):485-93. https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.3.170080
3. Schneider HP, Baca J, Carpenter B, Dayton P, Fleische AE, et al. American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons
Clinical Consensus Statement: Diagnosis and Treatment of Adult Acquired Infracalcaneal Heel Pain. J Foot Ankle
Surg 2018;57(2):370-81. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jfas.2017.10.018
4. Malahias MA, Cantiller EB, Kadu VK, Müller S. The clinical outcome of endoscopic plantar fascia release: A
current concept review. Foot Ankle Surg 2020;26(1):19-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fas.2018.12.006
5. Lemont H, Ammirati KM, Usen N. Plantar fasciitis: a degenerative process (fasciosis) without inflammation. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2003;93(3):234-7. https://doi.org/10.7547/87507315-93-3-234
6. Jain SK, Suprashant K, Kumar S, Yadav A, Kearns SR. Comparison of plantar fasciitis injected with platelet-rich
plasma vs corticosteroids. Foot Ankle Int 2018;39(7):780-6. https://doi.org/10.1177/1071100718762406
7. Pfeffer G, Bacchetti P, Deland J, Lewis A, Anderson R, Davis W, et al. Comparison of custom and prefabricated
orthoses in the initial treatment of proximal plantar fasciitis. Foot Ankle Int 1999;20(4):214-21. https://doi.org/ 10.1177/107110079902000402
8. Rosenbaum AJ, DiPretra JA, Misener D. Plantar heel pain. Med Clin North Am 2014;98(2):330-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcma.2013.10.009
9. Molloy T, Wang Y, Murrell G. The roles of growth factors in tendon and ligament healing. Sports Med
2003;33(5):381-94. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200333050-00004
10. Landorf KB, Keenan A, Herbert RD. Effectiveness of foot orthoses to treat plantar fasciitis: a randomized trial. Arch Intern Med 2006;166(12):1305-10. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.166.12.1305
11. Wapner KL, Sharkey PF. The use of night splints for treatment of recalcitrant plantar fasciitis. Foot Ankle
1991;12(3):135-7. https://doi.org/10.1177/107110079101200301
12. Probe RA, Baca M, Adams R, Preece C. Night splint treatment for plantar fasciitis. A prospective randomized study. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1999;(368):190-5. PMID: 10613168
13. Lee WC, Wong WY, Kung E, Leung AK. Effectiveness of adjustable dorsiflexion night splint in combination with
accommodative foot orthosis on plantar fasciitis. J Rehabil Res Dev 2012;49(10):1557-64. https://doi.org/10.1682/jrrd.2011.09.0181
14. Genc H, Saracoglu M, Nacir B, Erdem HR, Kacar M. Long term ultrasonographic follow-up of plantar fasciitis
patients treated with steroid injection. Joint Bone Spine 2005;72(1):61-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbspin.2004.03.006
15. Monteagudo M, Maceira E, Garcia-Virto V, Canosa R. Chronic plantar fasciitis: Plantar fasciotomy versus
gastrocnemius recession. Int Orthop 2013;37(9):1845-50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-013-2022-2
16. Gerdesmeyer L, Frey C, Vester J, Maier M, Weil L Jr, Weil L Sr, et al. Radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy
is safe and effective in the treatment of chronic recalcitrant plantar fasciitis: results of a confirmatory randomized
placebo-controlled multicenter study. Am J Sports Med 2008;36(11):2100-9. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546508324176
17. Wolgin M, Cook C, Graham C, Mauldin D. Conservative treatment of plantar heel pain: long term follow up. Foot Ankle Int 1994;15(3):97-102. https://doi.org/10.1177/107110079401500303
18. Brugh AM, Fallat LM, Savoy-Moore RT. Lateral column symptomatology following plantar fascial release: a
prospective study. J Foot Ankle Surg 2002;41(6):365-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1067-2516(02)80082-5
19. Kitaoka HB, Luo ZP, An KN. Mechanical behavior of the foot and ankle after plantar fascia release in the unstable foot. Foot Ankle Int 1997;18(1):8-15. https://doi.org/10.1177/107110079701800103
20. Ohuchi H, Ichikawa K, Shinga K, Hattori S, Yamada S, Takahashi K. Ultrasound-assisted endoscopic partial plantar fascia release. Arthrosc Tech 2013;2(3):e227-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eats.2013.02.006
21. Manoli A 2nd, Harper MC, Fitzgibbons TC, McKernan DJ. Calcaneal fracture after cortical bone removal. Foot
Ankle 1992;13(9):523-5. https://doi.org/10.1177/107110079201300906
22. Barouk P. Technique, indications, and results of proximal medial gastrocnemius lengthening. Foot Ankle Clin
2014;19(4):795-806. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcl.2014.08.012
23. Abbassian A, Kohls-Gatzoulis J, Solan MC. Proximal medial gastrocnemius release in the treatment of recalcitrant plantar fasciitis. Foot Ankle Int 2012;33(1):14-9. https://doi.org/10.3113/FAI.2012.0014
24. Cychosz CC, Phisitkul P, Belatti DA, Glazebrook MA, DiGiovanni CW. Gastrocnemius recession for foot and ankle conditions in adults: evidence-based recommendations. Foot Ankle Surg 2015;21(2):77-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fas.2015.02.001
25. Tomczak RL, Haverstock BD. A retrospective comparison of endoscopic plantar fasciotomy to open plantar
fasciotomy with heel spur resection for chronic plantar fasciitis/heel spur syndrome. J Foot Ankle Surg 1995;34(3):305-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1067-2516(09)80065-3
26. Fallat LM, Cox JT, Chahal R, Morrison P, Kish J. A retrospective comparison of percutaneous plantar fasciotomy
and open plantar fasciotomy with heel spur resection. J Foot Ankle Surg 2013;52(3):288-90. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jfas.2012.10.005